Few studies in China use age as a criterion for garment size analysis in female body shape research. This project addresses the challenge of designing clothing that fits young women aged 18-25 by examining their upper body shapes. Combining Martin measurements and three-dimensional scanning, data on 198 women’s body characteristics were collected, and morphological changes in their upper bodies were analysed.
The upper body shapes were categorised into four types, and representative silhouettes were compared. The body shape classification results were combined with the national chest-waist difference classification method. The primary control variables for women’s shirt sizing were determined, and a linear regression equation was used to obtain the segmented values for each control variable.
Ultimately, a specification system for women’s shirt sizes was established, providing a novel approach to research on body types and sizing systems.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrate great potential in biosensing applications, particularly in sweat sensing, due to their high specific surface area, adjustable pore sizes, and unique catalytic properties. This review presents the advancements, fabrication techniques and potential applications of flexible sweat sensors utilizing MOFs. The background and importance of MOFs in sweat sensing were introduced, underscoring their capacity to elevate the efficiency and precision of such sensors. The structural optimisation, ligand choice, and fabrication techniques of MOFs were discussed. Various synthesis methods were explored, including electrochemical, solvothermal, room-temperature, and microwave/ultrasound-assisted approaches. The applications of MOF-based sweat sensors in trace element detection, colourimetric sensing, sports monitoring, and biomedicine were highlighted. MOFs’ high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in these contexts underscore their potential to enhance sensor performance. The review concludes by discussing the challenges faced by flexible sweat sensors based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), such as the diversification of detectable substances. It outlines future directions, particularly towards intelligence and high efficiency. It emphasizes the necessity of achieving high precision and multifunctionality. This review comprehensively analyses the current status and future prospects of flexible sweat sensors utilising MOFs, highlighting their significant role in advancing sweat-sensing technology.

Sustainability in the fashion and textile industry is becoming a significant research focus due to global warming and climate change. However, more research is needed on consumers’ carbon emissions in the context of clothing consumers. This study focuses on consumers and develops a comprehensive accounting model of the carbon footprint of clothing consumption. A simulation experiment is conducted through surveys and empirical data to calculate the carbon emissions associated with consumers engaging in clothing purchase and clothing use. The sensitivity analysis examines the factors influencing carbon emissions at each stage. The finding reveals that in the overall carbon footprint of clothing consumers, clothing use has the highest impact than clothing purchase. The findings from this study offer valuable insights for consumers looking to reduce their carbon footprint during clothing purchase and use and also serve as a foundation for future research endeavours, which has great significance for the reduction of carbon emissions in society as a whole.

Breast measurement presents a complex challenge in the design of sports bras, particularly for adolescent girls whose bodies are rapidly changing. This study aimed to explore breast anthropometry among adolescents. A survey involving 23 girls aged 10 to 14 assessed their understanding of bra-related problems. In comparison, a wear trial with 7 girls sized 30AA to 32A evaluated their preferences through five bra conditions, 3D scanning and questionnaires. The study revealed a significant knowledge gap, with only 8.7% having had a bra fitting and less than half knowing how to determine their bra size. Notably, the upper bust measurement was significantly correlated with the level of “coolness” ($r=−0.395$ and $p = 0.038$), and the under bust measurement was correlated with the level of “comfort” $(r = −0.441$ and $p = 0.019).$ The findings suggest a need for breathable fabrics in the upper bust while a preference for a stretchable underband to accommodate body growth. These results highlight the need to design sports bras tailored to the unique needs of adolescent girls, providing designers with critical insights into the necessary features and dimensions for optimal comfort during physical activity.

Hairspray is widely used worldwide in beauty salons and barbershops to create customized hairstyles. However, the chemicals in hairspray are highly flammable, posing significant risks of burn injuries to staff and customers, especially when clothing is exposed to heated tools such as hairdryers or curling irons. Hairsprays typically contain polymer-based adhesives, liquid solvents, and propellant gases. During application, a notable amount of overspray can settle on clothing, depositing a thin adhesive layer on the fabric. This research project aimed to assess how exposure to hairspray alters the flammability of different fabric types, including Silk, Cotton, Wool, Nylon, and Polyester. Fifteen fabric samples were treated with hairspray, while another fifteen samples served as untreated controls. All treated samples were exposed to the same amount of hairspray and left to dry for 24 hours, while the control samples remained untouched. Flame temperatures and total burn times were measured during testing. The findings revealed that the maximum flame temperatures for Polyester increased by 140%, with burn times rising by 74%. For Nylon, flame temperatures rose 178%, and burn times increased 75%. In contrast, the flame temperatures and burn times for Silk, Cotton, and Wool remained unchanged. The results of further analysis using differential scanning calorimetry and Raman Microspectroscopy suggested that the flammability differences between natural and synthetic fibres are linked to fibre polarity and hydrophobicity variations.